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A typical bioprocess consists of different unit operations where an optimal environment is required for cells to grow, divide and synthesize desired products. However, bioprocess control encounters unique challenges due to the nonlinearity, variability, and complexity of biotechnology....

Polyvinyl chloride and polyvinylidene chloride are two blister packaging materials commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry – but they can be environmentally polluting and harmful to humans. So pharmaceutical companies are looking for new alternatives. Polypropylene is a...

Fluidized bed systems have many different advantages – good heat transfer, efficient drying and thorough mixing. These are all due to the free movement of the particles during the fluidization process, thereby increasing the contact surface area with the process air and the...

Cell and gene therapy (CGT) has made major advances in patient care by helping to treat or potentially cure a range of diseases untouched by small molecules and biologics. Over the past two decades, the US FDA has approved more than 20 CGTs, many of which cost between $375,00 and...

After the drug preparation is administered, under the condition of the physiological medium in the human body, the preparation disintegrates into many small particles, the particles depolymerize, and the drug dissolves. The dissolved drug penetrates into the epithelial cells of the...

Dissolution testing is a must for almost all non-true solution drug products. Dissolution testing is primarily used in the pharmaceutical industry as a quality control tool to monitor dosage form formulations and manufacturing processes. Most regulatory agencies consider dissolution...

Part 1 Is In Place In One Sep Without Screening   Usually, in order to find the best combination, a prescription development process is often accompanied by a large number of screening tests, and the popular DoE in recent years is a representative of this model. However, some...

Different preparation and processing methods of raw materials may lead to changes in the final crystal habit or even the crystal form, which in turn will cause differences in the physicochemical properties, biological properties and production controllability of the drug. For the...

Dry granulation is a method in which drugs and excipient powders are evenly mixed, extruded under a certain pressure into lumps and flakes with a certain hardness, and then passed through a sieve to make granules. This method relies on compressive force to generate binding force between...

Nucleic acid drugs, also known as nucleotide drugs, mainly work at the gene level. Nucleic acid drugs can directly act on the molecules that cause diseases, and relieve the symptoms of diseases by regulating body functions without manipulating the genome, and have shown unique effects...