A typical bioprocess consists of different unit operations where an optimal environment is required for cells to grow, divide and synthesize desired products. However, bioprocess control encounters unique challenges due to the nonlinearity, variability, and complexity of biotechnology. This article describes modern control strategies employed in bioprocessing. The article will introduce traditional control strategies (open […]

Polyvinyl chloride and polyvinylidene chloride are two blister packaging materials commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry – but they can be environmentally polluting and harmful to humans. So pharmaceutical companies are looking for new alternatives. Polypropylene is a strong candidate, but its processing presents some difficulties. In this regard, this article conducts a brief analysis

Fluidized bed systems have many different advantages – good heat transfer, efficient drying and thorough mixing. These are all due to the free movement of the particles during the fluidization process, thereby increasing the contact surface area with the process air and the granulation liquid. However, in order to give full play to the advantages